NS 3 5G

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The configuration of different elements like MAC layer, high-level network layers and MAC layers are encompassed in the simulation process of the 5G network in NS-3. By means of NR (New Radio) and mmWave (millimeter wave), NS-3 offers modules and helpers which are particularly tailored for 5G simulations. Along with protocol informations, we provide a sample model of configuring a simple 5G simulation:

Main Elements and Protocols in ns-3 5G Simulation

  1. Physical Layer (PHY)
  2. Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
  3. Radio Link Control (RLC) Layer
  4. Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Layer
  5. Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) Layer
  6. Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
  7. Physical Layer (PHY)

Across the air interface, the PHY (Physical Layer) manages transmission, scripting and modulation. For the purpose of practical propagation, NS-3 assists divers channel models such as CDL (Clustered Delay Line) and TDL (Tapped Delay Line).

  1. Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer

In the process of handling the resource utilization, HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) techniques and scheduling of t5he 5G, MAC (Medium Access Control) layer in NS-3 enact a crucial role. Various scheduling methods like proportional fair and round-robin are efficiently assisted here.

  1. Radio Link Control (RLC) Layer

Error rectification, reconstruction and segmentation processes are involved in the RLC (Radio Link Control) layer. Three modes are engaged in this process, they are:

  • AM (Acknowledged Mode)
  • UM (Unacknowledged Mode) and
  • TM (Transparent Mode)
  1. Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Layer

For security like encryption and reliability protection, retransmission in the event of packet loss and header compression, PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) is highly reliable.

  1. Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) Layer

To assure, whether the diverse QoS demands are addressed, the SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) plt among DRBs (Data Radio Bearers) and QoS flows.

  1. Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

Significant network performances like internet connections, mobility management and session management are efficiently incorporated in EPC (Evolved Packet Core). To simulate end-to-end contexts, EPC elements involved in NS-3 such as PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway), MME (Mobility Management Entity) and SGW (Serving Gateway).

Sample ns-3 Script for 5G Simulation

To configure basic 5G simulation settings with the synthesization of EPC and NR, a model script is proposed below:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/config-store-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/nr-module.h”

#include “ns3/epc-helper.h”

#include “ns3/mmwave-helper.h”

Using namespace ns3;

Int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

// Simulation parameters

Double simTime = 10.0;

Uint16_t numUeNodes = 2;

Uint16_t numEnbNodes = 1;

// create nodes for UEs and gNBs

NodeContainer ueNodes;

ueNodes.Create (numUeNodes);

NodeContainer gnbNodes;

gNbNodes.Create (numGnbNodes);

// Set up mobility models

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (gnbNodes);

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”, “Bounds”, Rectangle Value (Rectangle (-100, 100, -100, 100)));

mobility.Install (ueNodes);

 

// Install internet stack

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install (ueNodes);

internet.Install (gnbNodes);

// Set up the NR and EPC helpers

Ptr<NrHelper> nrHelper = CreateObject<NrHelper>();

Ptr<PointToPointEpcHelper> epcHelper = CreateObject<PointToPointEpcHelper>();

NrHelper->SetEpcHelper (epcHelper);

// Install NR devices on gNB and UEs

NetDeviceContainer gNbDevices = nrHelper->InstallEnbDevice (gnbNodes);

NetDeviceContainer ueDevices = nrHelper->InstallUeDevice (ueNodes);

// attach UEs to the gNB

NrHelper->Attach (ueDevices, gnbDevices.Get (0));

// Assign IP addresses to UEs

Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIfaces;

UeIpIfaces = epcHelper->AssignUeIpv4Address (NetDeviceContainer (ueDevices));

// Set up application traffic

Uint16_t dlPort = 1234;

Uint16_t ulPort = 2000;

OnOffHelper dlClient (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress (ueIpIfaces.GetAddress (0), dlPort));

dlClient.SetAttribute (“DataRate”, DataRateValue (DataRate (“100Mb/s”)));

dlClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = dlClient.Install (gnbNodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

ClientApps. Stop (Seconds (simTime));

PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), dlPort));

ApplicationContainer serverApps = dlPacketSinkHelper.Install (ueNodes.Get (0));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

ServerApps. Stop (Seconds(simTime));

OnOffHelper dlClient (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddressm(gnbNodes.GetAddress(0), ulPort));

ulClient.SetAttribute (“DataRate”, DataRateValue (DataRate (“50Mb/s”)));

ulClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ClientApps = ulClient.Install (ueNodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

ClientApps. Stop (Seconds(simTime));

PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), ulPort));

ServerApps = dlPacketSinkHelper.Install (gnbNodes.Get (0));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

ServerApps. Stop(Seconds(simTime));

// Enable tracing

NrHelper->EnableTraces ();

// Run the simulation

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (simTime));

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

Return 0;

}

Description of the Program

  1. Node Development: For gNB (gNodeB) and UE (User Equipment), nodes should be developed.
  2. Mobility Models: To specify the nodes, create mobility frameworks.
  3. Internet Stack Installation: On the nodes, install the internet stack.
  4. NR and EPC Helpers: Configure NR and EPC elements with the support of helpers.
  5. Device Installation: Install the NR devices on UEs and gNBs.
  6. UE Attachment: With the gnB, UEs are connected efficiently.
  7. IP Address Assignment: Allocate the IP address to the UE devices.
  8. Application Configuration: In order to design uplink and downlink traffic, applications are organized.
  9. Tracing: To gather simulation data, facilitate the tracing process.
  10. Simulation Execution: Specifically for a fixed- duration, simulation is executed.

What are 5G programming languages?

In 5G technology, several programming languages are deployed for efficient performance of systems. Here, some of the popular programming languages in 5G technologies are offered by us that accompanied with its specific functionalities:

  1. C/C++
  • Functions:
  • Network Protocol Development: Because of their capability and dominance over system resources, C and C++ are broadly applicable for creating network protocols.
  • Simulation Tools: Especially in C++ language, most of the network simulation tools such as NS-3 and libraries are written.
  • Embedded Systems: For actual-time processing units and scripting embedded systems in 5G hardware, C language is adopted generally.
  • Instances:
  • Creating high-performance simulation frameworks.
  • Drafting firmware for 5G hardware elements.
  • Executing low-level communication protocols.
  1. Python
  • Functions:
  • Simulation and Scripting: To generate simulation tasks and evaluate simulation findings, Python is highly adaptable which is prevalent for writing programs.
  • Machine Learning and AI: In the process of executing machine learning techniques in 5G like for traffic prediction and effective resource utilization, Python is very beneficial due to its enriched libraries such as PyTorch and TensorFlow.
  • Rapid Prototyping: Particularly for instant prototyping of innovative 5G application and characteristics, Python is a best language for its effective usability.
  • Instances:
  • Designing AI models for network optimization.
  • Instantly prototyping network functions and services.
  • Developing control scripts for network simulators.
  1. Java
  • Functions:
  • Network Applications: As a result of its dynamic network strength and multi-platform compatibility, Java is adapted to create network applications and middleware.
  • Big Data Processing: For big data analytics in 5G networks, Java is used for its models such as Spark and Apache Hadoop.
  • Web Services: APIS and Web services are effectively designed by java for addressing the network elements in 5G.
  • Instances:
  • Generating web services for 5G applications.
  • Creating scalable network management systems.
  • Executing big data analytics for network monitoring.
  1. MATLAB
  • Functions:
  • Simulation and Modeling: In simulating and developing 5G PHY (Physical) layer and system-level functions, MATLAB with its 5G Toolkit is very crucial.
  • Algorithm Development: Encompassing beamforming, modulation policies and channel coding, MATLAB is utilized for creating and examining communication techniques.
  • Data Analysis: To evaluate simulation data and visualize performance metrics, MATLAB is widely used.
  • Instances:
  • Formulating techniques for MIMO and beamforming.
  • Evaluating and visualizing simulation findings.
  • Simulating 5G waveforms and channels.
  1. Verilog/VHDL
  • Functions:
  • Hardware Description Languages (HDLs): Regarding the ASIC and FPGA executions of 5G systems, VHDL and Verilog are deployed for developing and ensuring the digital circuits.
  • FPGA Prototyping: On FPGAs, these languages are very essential for prototyping 5G baseband and RF elements.
  • Instances:
  • Ensuring hardware models for 5G components.
  • Developing baseband signal processing units.
  • Executing digital front-end processing blocks.
  1. Rust
  • Functions:
  • System Programming: Due to its special focus on security and compatibility, Rust is on the rise for system-level programming. For the purpose of creating authentic and high-performance network services, this language is very adaptable.
  • Protocol Implementation: As concentrating on memory safety and performance, Rust might be applicable for executing network protocols.
  • Instances:
  • Drafting system-level software for 5G infrastructure.
  • Designing concurrent and safe network services.
  • Application of dynamic and authentic protocol stacks.
  1. Go (Golang)
  • Functions:
  • Cloud-Native Applications: For designing cloud-native applications and services, Go is broadly used which is essential for 5G networks,
  • Concurrency: To generate scalable network services, make use of Go language that provides built-in assistance for concurrency.
  • Instances:
  • Modeling network functions for cloud-based 5G architectures.
  • Carrying out the microservices for 5G applications.
  • Configuring the tools for network automation and orchestration.
  1. R
  • Functions:
  • Data Analysis and Visualization: This language is certainly deployed for visualization and statistical analysis of network performance data.
  • Machine Learning: Considering the network enhancement and analysis, R language is highly applicable for creating machine learning frameworks.
  • Instances:
  • Executing statistical frameworks for network analysis.
  • Assessing the network performance metrics.
  • Visualizing simulation and actual-world network data.

NS 3 5G Thesis Topics

5g Research Ideas

Behold the latest 5G Research Concepts that are currently in vogue. We possess state-of-the-art tools and research techniques to elevate your project. Our team strictly adheres to your university’s standards and crafts meticulously structured theses. Count on our experts to provide solutions for all your 5G inquiries – reach out to us for further guidance.

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